Cancer cells migration: a laser scanning confocal microscopy study

Introduction: Nowadays, everyone or almost everyone has seen a love one lose the “battle” against cancer. Even worth than that is to closely watch the pain and agony that current anti-cancer therapies cause to the patient, with a known outcome... Typical cancer therapies target the inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, a membrane receptor that plays a key role in regulating normal cellular processes such as cell survival, proliferation and migration. High expression of EGFR is generally associated with invasion, metastasis, late- stage disease, chemotherapy resistance, hormonal therapy resistance and poor general therapeutic outcome. In order to develop new approaches for cancer treatment it is necessary to understand it is necessary to study the morphology of cancer cells when exposed to different stimuli. As in the case of this study human cancer lung cells were stimulated with EGF and its behavior was monitored over time using Laser scanning confocal microscope (Zeiss; LSM780). Results: A set of human cancer lung cells were stimulated with its ligand EGF and another set of human cancer lung cells were not stimulated. The morphological changes were followed Figure 1 – Human lung cancer cells stimulated with of EGF. over time using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with time elapse. As it can be seen on figure 1 the cancer cells morphology did significantly changed its phenotype. On the other hand when these cells were stimulated the morphological changes were significant as it can be seen on figure 2. The addition of EGF to the culture medium induce significant morphological changes, namely of loss of cell-cell junctions (b), formation of filipodia (b) and tissue disaggregation (c). Additionally, 3D reconstructions of singles cells were performed which allowed the confirmation of the internalization the EGFR dimers (data not shown). With time elapse laser scanning confocal microscopy it was possible to follow of the events that lead to cell migration, loss of cell-cell junction, filipodia formation and migration in real time

Travel, Meal, & Entertainment Expense Deductions in U.S. Tax Court Cases

Henry T. Petersen, is a C.P.A. with Strickland and Jones, P.C., Norfolk, Virginia 23510-1517. Tim C. McKee, M.B.A., J.D., LL.M., C.P.A., is the University Professor of Accounting, Department of Accounting, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529-0229

Land use change detection with LANDSAT-2 data for monitoring and predicting regional water quality degradation

The author has identified the following significant results. Comparison between LANDSAT 1 and 2 imagery of Arkansas provided evidence of significant land use changes during the 1972-75 time period. Analysis of Arkansas historical water quality information has shown conclusively that whereas point source pollution generally can be detected by use of water quality data collected by state and federal agencies, sampling methodologies for nonpoint source contamination attributable to surface runoff are totally inadequate. The expensive undertaking of monitoring all nonpoint sources for numerous watersheds can be lessened by implementing LANDSAT change detection analyses

Deterministic quantum teleportation between distant atomic objects

Quantum teleportation is a key ingredient of quantum networks and a building block for quantum computation. Teleportation between distant material objects using light as the quantum information carrier has been a particularly exciting goal. Here we demonstrate a new element of the quantum teleportation landscape, the deterministic continuous variable (cv) teleportation between distant material objects. The objects are macroscopic atomic ensembles at room temperature. Entanglement required for teleportation is distributed by light propagating from one ensemble to the other. Quantum states encoded in a collective spin state of one ensemble are teleported onto another ensemble using this entanglement and homodyne measurements on light. By implementing process tomography, we demonstrate that the experimental fidelity of the quantum teleportation is higher than that achievable by any classical process. Furthermore, we demonstrate the benefits of deterministic teleportation by teleporting a dynamically changing sequence of spin states from one distant object onto another

An Ultra-Stable Referenced Interrogation System in the Deep Ultraviolet for a Mercury Optical Lattice Clock

We have developed an ultra-stable source in the deep ultraviolet, suitable to fulfill the interrogation requirements of a future fully-operational lattice clock based on neutral mercury. At the core of the system is a Fabry-P\'erot cavity which is highly impervious to temperature and vibrational perturbations. The mirror substrate is made of fused silica in order to exploit the comparatively low thermal noise limits associated with this material. By stabilizing the frequency of a 1062.6 nm Yb-doped fiber laser to the cavity, and including an additional link to LNE-SYRTE's fountain primary frequency standards via an optical frequency comb, we produce a signal which is both stable at the 1E-15 level in fractional terms and referenced to primary frequency standards. The signal is subsequently amplified and frequency-doubled twice to produce several milliwatts of interrogation signal at 265.6 nm in the deep ultraviolet.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Shock compression of feldspars

Hugoniot data for oligoclase and microcline to 670 and 580 kb and release adiabat data for oligoclase were obtained by means of the inclined mirror and immersed-foil-reflected-light techniques, respectively. Oligoclase and microcline have Hugoniot elastic limits in the range of 40–55 and 80–85 kb. These limits increase slightly with increasing driving shock pressure. Above the elastic limit, extending to ∼300 and ∼400 kb, transition regions of anomalously high compression are observed for microcline and oligoclase. These data and the data of McQueen, Marsh, and Fritz for albitite and anorthosite indicate that at successively higher shock pressures within this region, the feldspars gradually transform to a high-pressure, high-density polymorph. This polymorph probably corresponds to the rutile-like hollandite structure obtained in high-pressure quenching experiments by Kume, Matsumoto, and Koizumi (in KAlGe_3O_8) and by Ringwood, Reid, and Wadsley (in KAlSo_3O_8, microcline). In the hollandite structure germanium or silicon is in octahedral coordination with oxygen. The zero-pressure density and the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state parameters for the adiabat and isotherm are calculated for the high-pressure polymorphs of oligoclase, microcline, anorthosite, and albitite. The release adiabat centered at 180 kb indicates that at this shock pressure some (∼15%) of the hollandite phase forms but apparently reverts to a lower-density phase on pressure release. Release adiabat curves centered at 272 and 417 kb and calculated postshock temperatures indicate that material of feldspar composition recovered from meteorite and laboratory impacts is converted to the hollandite structure upon shock compression; upon pressure release this material probably reverts to the low-density maskelynite form